Pili are synonym with appendages .They are longer, thicker tube like outgrowths and have no role to play in movement. They are made of pilin and attach themselves to conjugation tube. Fimbriae are the fibres which have tooth brush like bristles. They are large in number ...

Bacterial Flagella are single stranded quite similar to micro tubular fibre. They are 7 um in length and 0.02 um in diameter. Basal body, hook and filament constitute the bacterial flagellum. Basal body is rod like structure which has ring like swellings. A gram negative ...

Nucleoid is the genetic product of Kingdom Monera. It is also known as genophore or chromoneme. It has single circular strand of DNA. DNA has no association with proteins and there is no nuclear envelope. It is also known as Naked. Plasmids are extra chromosomal, ...

Chromatophores are present in photosynthetic organism as internal membranes systems. The different color bacteria like purple, green are included in this group.

Ribosome is small organelle without any membrane. Its size ranges from 15 – 20 nm. They are classified as free and fixed. Fixed are those which are bound to plasma membrane. While free ribosomes have no such binding they are free in cytoplasm. Ribosomes ...

Mesosomes are discovered by Fitz James IN 1960. They are basically inward projection from the plasma membrane. It is divided into two parts as septal and lateral. Septal provides connection between nucleoid and plasma membrane. It also helps in formation of septum. Lateral mesosome has ...

These are the organisms which belong to kingdom monera have cell wall made of peptidoglycan, cannot be seen with naked eye and lack membrane bound organelles. They were discovered by Leeuwenhoek. Their features resemble to the organisms of kingdom monera. Bacteria are present everywhere. The ...

Monera originate from primitive type of life referred as a progenote. It is a kingdom of prokaryotes which includes organisms such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, mycoplasma etc. They are present almost everywhere. They have little difference in outer shape and form. These are unicellular organisms which ...