The third law of thermodynamics states that: “The entropy of all the perfect crystalline solids is zeros at absolute zero temperature”. The third law of thermodynamics is also referred to…
Irreversible process: An Irreversible process is one in which heat is transferred through a finite temperature. Irreversible process is also known as spontaneous process because these processes take place at…
The Nernst Heat Theorem Let us consider the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation which includes chemical reaction i.e.: ∆G – ∆H = T (∂ (∆G)/∂T) P ………………………………….. (1) Where ∆G ——-> change in…
Absolute entropies of solids: Entropy change for an infinitesimally small change of a state of a substance is given as: dS = dq / T If the changes take place…
Entropy of real gases: We know that: (∂S / ∂P)T = – (∂V / ∂T)P ……………………. (1) is one of the Maxwell relations which can also be written as: dS…
Carnot theorem states that no heat engine working in a cycle between two constant temperature reservoirs can be more efficient than a reversible engine working between the same reservoirs. In…
Maximum efficiency of an engine working between temperatures T2 and T1 is given by the fraction of the heat absorbed by an engine which can be converted into work is…
Maximum efficiency of an engine working between temperatures T2 and T1 is given by the fraction of the heat absorbed by an engine which can be converted into work is…
Maximum efficiency of an engine working between temperatures T2 and T1 is given by the fraction of the heat absorbed by an engine which can be converted into work is…
Maximum efficiency of an engine working between temperatures T2 and T1 is given by the fraction of the heat absorbed by an engine which can be converted into work is…
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