The amphibians are divided into different orders. This includes apoda, anura and urodela. The apoda are also known as gymnophiona. They have no limbs. The scales are present. They are referred as blind worms. The anura are also known as salientia. They are without the presence of tail. The urodela are also known as caudata. They are with the presence of tail. The frogs and toads show the parental care. The female tadpoles have special pits. They carry tadpoles which become little toads. The male toad bears eggs. These are present close to the thighs.
The salamander is also known as the fire salamander. It is half terrestrial amphibian. It resembles a lizard. It is black in color with the presence of yellow spots. It is viviparous where the male releases sperms in an enclosed area known as spermatophore. These sperms are picked by the female with its lip. They are used to fertilize the ova. They have the internal mode of fertilization. The development is indirect with the formation of larva which develops inside the water. Their limbs are short and they move quickly. They have no gills. Their trunk has different limbs with 4 fingers and 5 toes. They shed their skin in one go. The triturus is also known as newt. It is quite like a salamander. It occurs in the Himalayas and Burma. They occur in the moist areas. They occur on land during the non breeding period. They occur in the water during the breeding period. Their body resembles a lizard and has a flat tail.
The rana tigrina is also known as the common Indian frog. They occur mainly in fresh water like ponds, tanks etc. The can come on land also. They show jumping and leaping movement in the land and show swimming in the water. They are mainly carnivorous and male frogs have the vocal cords. These allow them to croak louder than the females. The respiration is supported by skin, lungs and buccopharyngeal cavity. They show hibernation and aestivation. They have the external mode of fertilization. The development is indirect with the formation of larva which is known as tadpole. They also show sexual dimorphism. The body of frog is divided into head and trunk. There are 4 fingers and 5 toes in the forelimb and hind limbs respectively. There is a process known as amplexus in which the male holds the female tightly and sits at her back. This occur s during the copulation period and with the help of forelimbs. It has web in the hind limbs which do help in swimming. They form a nuptial pad on the first finger. It is formed during the breeding season.
The Indian toad is also known as bufo melanostictus. It occurs on the land. It prefers the dark and moist areas. It is nocturnal. They occur on land during the non breeding period. They occur in the water during the breeding period. They have the external mode of fertilization. The development is indirect with the formation of larva which is known as tadpole. It has poisonous glands. Their skin is rough and dry. Their skin secretes a bufogin and bufotalin. They lead to nausea, respiratory and muscular troubles.
