What is the Biotic Stability?

The biotic stability is defined as the non appearance of any major fluctuations in the populations so that the stability of community should not be disturbed. The diversity mainly controls the biotic community. The number of species and its interactions also play an important role in the stability of biotic community. The more are the number of species more is the stability. This could be due to the requirement of different sources of food. There is a presence of biological control. The different species are distributed properly and the chances of spreading the epidemic are very dim. The monoculture of the plant is liable to be destroyed when the epidemic spreads. The same type of destruction occurs in the potato and rice crop. It has occurred in the Europe and Bengal respectively. The intra species competition decreases considerably. The members of the different species show adjustment with the same resources. The Serengeti plains have around 20 species of antelopes in the same area which do not compete with each other. All the animals get adequate nutrition. The cattle dominated area destroys as they have their first preference for the grass.
There are the other factors which play an important role in the biotic stability. These are the seral community, degree of disturbance, growth of seedling, carrying and density capacity.
The biotic community also occurs in the pond. It consists of autotrophs, heterotrophs and the reducers. The autotrophs are also known as the producers. They make the food by the process of photosynthesis. They not only make their food but also for the other organisms. They absorb the energy from sun and convert into the chemical energy. They release oxygen. It includes the phytoplankton, free floating plants, submerged plants, anchored and the emergent plants. The phytoplankton consists of the microscopic organisms floating on water. They include the volvox, navicula and spirogyra. The free floating plants are also known as the macro plankton. They are larger in size and float on the surface of water. It includes the azolla, wolffia and pistia. The submerged plants are hydrilla and vallisneria. There are anchored plants which have floating leaves. This includes the water Lilly. The emergent plants are also known as the amphibious plants. This includes the typha and sagittaria. The autotrophs show both the intra specific and inter specific competition. The emergent plants occur near the bank of river. The submerged plants occur near the middle of pond. They compete for the food and shelter. The heterotrophs are not able to make their own food. It includes the zooplankton, larvae, bugs, higher animals and invertebrates. The zooplankton includes the Cyclops and daphnia. There are the larvae of mosquito, dragonfly, stonefly and tadpoles. The bugs are active swimmers. It includes the water skater, water bug and water boatman. The hydra, snail and leech are also included under the invertebrates. The turtles and fishes are the organisms which act as heterotrophs. The frog occurs in summer.
There are different types of relations which are present in the heterotrophs. It includes the competition, predation, scavenging and parasitism. The competition occurs in the members of the same as well as different species. The most common mode of feeding includes the predation. The beetles and water skater acts as scavengers. The reducers are also known as the decomposers. It includes the bacteria and fungi. They decompose the food and act on dead plants. They are also known as the saprotrophs and are referred as a rotten feeder.