Write a short note on the tropical rain forest region of biomes?

They are also known as the tropical evergreen forests. They occur in the different parts of America, Congo and Africa. They do occur in the Asia and Malagasy Republic. They occur in the equatorial regions which is abundant in the rainfall and warmth. The rain occurs in most part of the year. The growth of plant is luxuriant with a high rainfall around thousand centimeters per year. It can be as low as 150 centimeter per year. The forest is thick and is difficult to penetrate and that’s why it is called jungle. They occur around one twelfth area on land and constitute more than half of the flora and fauna. They have a high diversity of life. In a hectare of forest there are around 200 species of trees. Nearly four out of five birds and insects are present in these areas. The flora and fauna are very abundant in this region. They have the highest productivity among all the forests which are discussed above. It is around twelve thousand kilo calorie per meter square per year. The flora of this area shows stratifications. This is defined as the grouping of plants into two or more layers in relation to their heights. They can be tall, medium, small, herbs and bushes. The different layers are referred as strata. These are also known as storeys. These are multi storeyed with broad leaves. They are mainly ever green plants. There are 5 strata of vegetation which consists of emergent tree layer, dense canopy tree layer, under storey tree layer, shrub and ground layer. The emergent tree layer occurs in the upper storey. They have an open canopy. The next strata consist of the tall trees which give rise to the close canopy. The small trees, shrubs and ground layer forms the under storey. There is a very little sunlight in the forest floor. The humidity leads to the formation of epiphytes. It constitutes the orchids, lichens, mosses and ferns. The vines are also very common. They are present on the forest edge. The trunks are larger in size of the tress and the formation of flowers on the stems is common. The leaves are leathery in appearance and have drip trips for the flow of rain water. The rubber tree, rosewood, ebony, figs, bamboos and cinnamon are the important plants in this area. The tropical rain forest can be deciduous, temperate or semi evergreen. These variations occur due to the human involvement, low rainfall, dry season which leads to the falling of trees. It includes the shorea and bombax. The different strata have different fauna. The top most storeys have the birds, insects, bats, monkeys, lizards etc. The ground storey consists of the snakes, lizards, elephant, leopard, jaguar etc.